What is the FIRST step in infection control?

• A. Cleaning
• B. Disinfection
• C. Sterilization
• D. PPE

Answer: (A)

Cleaning is the first step in infection control because it physically removes dirt, oils, and organic material from surfaces and tools. This debris can harbor microorganisms and shield them from subsequent treatments, making disinfection and sterilization less effective. By cleaning first, you lower the microbial load and create a clean foundation for the disinfectants and sterilants to work properly. PPE is important for protecting you during the process, but it doesn’t replace cleaning—the cleaning step must come first before disinfection or sterilization. After cleaning, you would proceed with disinfection for many surfaces and sterilization for instruments that contact sterile tissues.